The Spanish-American War lasted only six weeks and resulted in a decisive victory for the United States. The D-Day invasion began on the 5 beaches of this region. They fought against Spanish Nationalist forces, who were led by General Francisco Franco and assisted by Nazi German and Fascist Italian forces. Franz Ferdinand was emperor of Austria from 1896 until his death. As the bloody conflict escalated, the Republican The disestablishment of the Roman Catholic Church was one platform on which nearly all agreed. In 1936, the pendulum swung again; new elections yielded a left-center majority and a Popular Front government, alarming the wealthy, the clergy, and the military. . 800 British ships, ranging from warships to fishing boats, crossed the channel from England to rescue over 300,000 British and French troops. Teaching the ALBA curriculum: The Spanish Civil War in AP European Its earliest use was to describe individual political radicals unconnected with any party. The following day the remnant of the Republican government surrendered; Franco would establish himself as dictator and remain in power until his death on November 20, 1975. an Allied initiative to rid German and Austrian society, culture, press, economy, judiciary and politics of any remnants of the Nazi regime. This body drafted a liberal constitution granting universal suffrage, basic freedoms, separation of Church and state, secular control of mass education, and the nationalization of church property. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In response to this loss of good will, France shifted its policy and began to accept the fact that Germany was once again going to be a major player in central European politics. They captured the Basque northern provinces in the summer of 1937 and then Asturias, so that by October they held the whole northern coast. The English Civil War began a historical precedent in the way the monarchs are seen in Western Europe. AP European History Past Exam Questions Free-Response Questions Download free-response questions from past exams along with scoring guidelines, sample responses from exam takers, and scoring distributions. Chamberlain flew to Munich to attend summit w/France, Italy & Germany; discussed future of Czechoslovakia; led to transfer of all Sudenten territories to Germany in return of Hitler promising respect sovereignty of remainder of Czechoslovakia, Nonaggression treaty between Russia and Germany allowing Germany to fight a one front war until Germany violated treaty by invading Russia, "Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland n 1939, "Phony War" with Hitler in 1939-1940 where Hitler prepared for his attack. In the ensuing years, the government became increasingly a propaganda film by the German filmmaker Leni Riefenstahl. The new constituent assembly was dominated by socialists, communists, anarchists, and syndicalists. a military strategy used in a WWII where the Allies bombed the Japanese for days on end with the goal of weakening their defenses and bringing them to a surrender (which they never do). Spanish Civil War - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia a worldwide economic downturn which started in October of 1929 and lasted through most of the 1930s. Terms in this set (376) . The Germans essentially told the Austrians to stand firm, so which resulted in the Austrians sending Serbia a harsh ultimatum (this demanded things such as allowing Austrian officials to investigate and punish the assassinator). The European powers created an independent kingdom in Albania to keep the peace but this did not satisfy Serbia, Russia, or Greece and was a leading cause of the events that sparked the First World War. Amidst this rapid political fluctuation, and in the dawn of the Spanish Civil War, came the advent of the Spanish Falange. Quiz & Worksheet - The Spanish Civil War | Study.com city in the northwest corner of France where the allied troops were trapped by the advancing Germany Army. Mussolini and Adolf Hitler. steadily waned. the meeting of Joseph Stalin, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill between November 28 and December 1, 1943 in Tehran, Iran. Spanish Civil War | Definition, Causes, Summary, & Facts judgment of his military advisors, sending bombers and soldiers to Spain in French politician, was the Prime Minister of France three times: from 1936 to 1937, for one month in 1938, and from December 1946 to January 1947. It was a breeding ground for mass atrocities. Below is the article summary. boredom, disillusionment, or a desire for adventure as often as genuine Cornell Notes Topic / Objective: Name: Jack Andrew Joa The Spanish Civil War Class: Chapter 23.4 Notes Period: Date: Essential Question: The Spanish Civil War Chapter 23.4 Notes Questions: Notes: Spain: World War I: Neutral. The Paris Fair would give him an opportunity to bring the atrocities visited on the defenseless people of Guernica to the attention of the world, and so he set to work. General map of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). In August 1936, more than two dozen nations, including France . Introduction - The Political Setting of Spain (1931-1936) . War. Germany also made a great contribution in the form of specialists and Britain, The Spanish Republicans turned to the Soviet Union for support. General Francisco Franco led an army from Spanish Morocco against the republic. A dreadnought is a battleship designed but the British at first to maintain their powerful navy over the rest of Europe. From 1936 to 1939, civil war raged in Spain, on the periphery of continental politics. Chamberlain is perhaps the most ill-regarded British Prime Minister of the 20th century in the popular mind internationally, because of his policy of appeasement towards Nazi Germany, a leader of the Czechoslovak independence movement and the second President of Czechoslovakia. consolidated support for the republic, and by May 1937 were entrenched in When Franco was proclaimed head of the Nationalist government on One source of support for the By November 1936 the Nationalists had advanced to the outskirts of Madrid. While Picasso expressed anger and condemnation of Franco and the Fascists through his art he did not take up arms against them. A. Thomas is a very unusual author,;\overset{\textit{\color{#c34632}{;}}}{{,\\\color{#c34632}{_\wedge}}},; she wrote her first book at the age of thirteen. Labor unrest was widespread in the early 1930s, and the election of February 16, 1936, brought to power a leftist Popular Front government. Allied forces under Dwight D. Eisenhower landed on the beaches of France in history's greatest naval invasion. About 40,000 foreigners fought on the Republican side in the International Brigades largely under the command of the Comintern, and 20,000 others served in medical or auxiliary units. In 1934 there was widespread labour conflict and a bloody uprising by miners in Asturias that was suppressed by troops led by General Francisco Franco. The Spanish Civil War & the Influence of Foreign Powers: Definition The Spanish conflict quickly generated worldwide fears that it could explode into a full-fledged European war. The ENGLISH CIVIL WAR and GLORIOUS REVOLUTION [AP Euro ReviewUnit 3 Spanish Civil War. Many fled Spain, becoming refugees and awaiting the toppling of the They wanted the sultan to restore a liberal parliamentary constitution in the Ottoman Empire and threatened that the empire would fall if the constitution was not brought back. On the other side, the Republican, were urban workers, most agricultural labourers, and many of the educated middle class. Cause of the Spanish Civil War and its consequences The Soviet Union contributed equipment and supplies to the Republicans, who also received help from the Mexican government. a line of concrete fortifications, tank obstacles, machine gun posts and other defenses which France constructed along its borders with Germany and with Italy, in the light of experience from World War I, and in the run-up to World War II. Fascist and extreme-right forces responded in July 1936 with an army mutiny and coup attempt that expanded into a civil war. Present were Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle. The alliance started to break apart in 1936, completely disbanding in 1938. 100 Years' War Four causes are a dynastic dispute, Duchy of Aquitaine (England claim as ancient inheritance, Edward III claim Aquitaine and FR throne as edest heir of Philip the Frair), civil war in FR made war longer, economic factors (Flanders wool important to ENG). The Allied Powers consisted mainly of Great Britain (the entirety of its empire), France, Russia, the United States, and Italy. one of the dominant political figures in 20th century Ireland. Blum passed legislation extending the rights of the Arab population of Algeria. Want 100 or more? Many more small nations joined the Allies. AP Euro. Gavrilo Princip was a member of a secret society named Black Hand and was the assassinator of Franz Ferdinand. He imprisoned and many upon coming to power--up to a million according to some The Visual Front: Posters of the Spanish Civil War; From the Southworth Spanish Civil War Collection at the University of California at San Diego. Franco's wing largest of the Nazi German concentration camps. It was carried out specifically by removing those involved from positions of influence and by disbanding or rendering impotent the organizations associated with it. until his death in 1975. The Young Turks in the Ottoman Empire began the Turkish Revolution of 1908-09. There were Four Irish Home Rule Bills passed by Great Britain, and they allowed for a greater amount of Irish control over Ireland. Five; lovely; great-aunts. The war ended on 1 April 1939, when the last Republican troops surrendered. It won the May 1936 legislative elections, leading to the formation of a government first headed by SFIO leader Lon Blum and exclusively composed of Radical-Socialist and SFIO ministers. In 1933, new elections produced a rightist government which promptly undid earlier reforms. Project for AP Euro about the Spanish Civil War. Lesson 5 - The Spanish Civil War & the Influence of Foreign Powers: . an alliance of left-wing movements, including the French Communist Party (PCF), the Socialist SFIO and the Radical and Socialist Party, during the interwar period. Much of the early research was done in New York City by refugee physicists in the United States. confused about its identity and ideology. They assured an alliance with each other while agreeing to support each other against Allied powers. The Cold War between the democratic West and communist East lasted from 1945-1991. Ferried back to Spain in Italian ships, under the leadership of the general Francisco Franco, the Nationalists, as they were called, took control of the Spanish central region, which supported the rising. The Triple Alliance was begun in 1879 by Bismarck, who wanted to keep France at a distance. Quiz & Worksheet - The Spanish Civil War | Study.com Check your understanding of major events and issues leading up to, during and after the Spanish Civil War with an interactive quiz and. defensive positions in a triangle of cities with the points in Madrid, Valencia, You can view our. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. The Nationalists had no such EXAMPLE: 5 days ago, members of my family joined in a lovly birthday celebration for my great-auntes. a gathering of 730 delegates from all 45 Allied nations at the Mount Washington Hotel, situated in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire to regulate the international monetary and financial order after the conclusion of World War II. In this creating and saving your own notes as you read. The wars end brought a period of dictatorship that lasted until the mid-1970s. It was called by the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in an unsuccessful attempt to force the government to act to prevent wage reduction and worsening conditions for coal miners. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. For Germany and Italy, Spain was a testing ground for new methods of tank and air warfare. Bulgaria, Serbia, and Greece decided to join in against the already weak Turkey, hoping to annex some Balkan territory. That it did not has to do with the behavior of the onlooker European nations. The Central Powers consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria. In the elections of February 1936 the left won a clear majority. His third period as Prime Minister was during the crisis of the Great Depression when he formed a "National Government" in which a majority of MPs were from the Conservatives, and as a result he was expelled from the Labour Party. Eighty years on, Spain may at last be able to confront the ghosts of while better organized than the militias, was chronically short of arms and A noted British statesman who led Britain throughout most of World War II and along with Roosevelt planned many allied campaigns. Their intervention in the Spanish Civil War was a prologue to World War IL. force, beginning in October 1936 with the creation of the Popular Army, which, He served longer as the leader of the Labour Party than anyone else in British history. One of the most famous 20th-century artists, he is credited with painting the first modern abstract works. Civil Guard was present. Peace was kept through the partition of the Ottoman Empire; Russians obtained Batum and Kars, won independence for the Serbs and Romanians, recognized Montenegro as an independent state, and divided Bulgaria into three zones still within the Ottoman Empire, Austria-Hungary was to "occupy and administer" Bosnia, Britain received Cyprus (a large island), France was told they might expand from Algeria into Tunisia, Italy got cheated out of anything, and Germany got nothing. Also known as the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, it was a non-aggression treaty between the German Third Reich and the Soviet Union. Successfully staved off an invasion by the German Luftwaffe. The works feature the element of surprise, unexpected juxtapositions and non sequitur, a Spanish (Catalan) artist and one of the most important painters of the 20th century. The Cuban movement for independence from Spain in 1895 garnered considerable American support. (one code per order). This was the government in France established after World War Two; they refused to have a strong presidency. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. The plan's strategy was to first defeat France in the West while Russia was hopefully very slowly mobilizing its army in the East, then using Germany's good railroads, cross over to the East and defeat Russia. The rebels Japanese city in which the second atomic bomb was dropped (August 9, 1945). The Nationalist side gradually gained territory and by April 1938 succeeded in splitting Spain from east to west, causing 250,000 Republican forces to flee into France. He was also a pastor and one of the leading thinkers in the neo-orthodox movement. Dont have an account? While there, Hemingway broke his friendship with John Dos Passos because, despite warnings, Dos Passos continued to report on the atrocities of not only the fascist Nationalists whom Hemingway disliked, but also of the elected, left-leaning Republicans whom he favored. Kafka's works - including the stories Das Urteil (1913, "The Judgement"), In der Strafkolonie (1920, "In the Penal Colony"); the novella Die Verwandlung ("The Metamorphosis"); and unfinished novels Der Prozess ("The Trial") and Das Schlo ("The Castle") - have come to embody the blend of absurd, surreal and mundane which gave rise to the adjective "kafkaesque". How was the Spanish Civil War a preview for World War II? Spanish Civil War, (193639), military revolt against the Republican government of Spain, supported by conservative elements within the country. The U.S. had frozen Japanese assets and cut off their oil supplies, which hindered Japan's plans for expansion. While the European democracies stayed aloof, totalitarian powers both communist and fascist sent soldiers and supplies. Codename for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II -- led to USSR joining the Allies. AKA Battle of the Ardennes started on December 16, 1944. planned by the Germans was to split the British and American Allied line in half, capturing Antwerp and then proceeding to encircle and destroy four Allied armies, forcing the Western Allies to negotiate a peace treaty in the Axis's favor. An elected center-left government faced a military revolt that eventually resulted in the creation of an authoritarian regime. was the effective ruler and later formal head of state of first parts of Spain from October 1936 and then all of Spain from 1939 until his death in 1975. AP Euro Unit 5 Vocab Flashcards | Quizlet First amphibious invasion ever. overthrow the government. in august 1942, the Japanese attacked the American forces with four savage attacks and were repulsed, with horrendous losses on both sides. a cultural movement that began in the mid-1920s, and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members. In 1936 the Spanish Civil War began. Giant AP Euro Terms List Flashcards | Quizlet About 500,000 people died in the war, and all Spaniards were deeply scarred by the trauma. September 29, 1936, there was no one to challenge his authority. There were two battles of El Alamein, both during 1942. bombing. By July 21 the rebels had achieved control in Spanish Morocco, the Canary Islands, and the Balearic Islands (except Minorca) and in the part of Spain north of the Guadarrama mountains and the Ebro River, except for Asturias, Santander, and the Basque provinces along the north coast and the region of Catalonia in the northeast.
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