In 2016, the Government of Paraguay published representative results from the Survey of Activities of Rural Area Children and Adolescents 2015. There is evidence that children under the age of 14 work in the production of furniture in Pakistan. Approximately 5,915 child laborers growing lettuce are below the minimum age for employment in Paraguay. There are reports that children ages 5-17 are forced to work in the production of cassiterite, or tin ore, in some mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The survey estimates that 301,827 children ages 5 to 17 perform hazardous work in rural areas of Paraguay and indicates that children working in agriculture experience accidents and illnesses, including from using dangerous tools and handling chemicals. Their children are bound by their parents' debt and work alongside their families making bricks. These children are sold to traffickers. Children harvest sand for long hours, which prevents them from attending school. .table thead th {background-color:#f1f1f1;color:#222;} Approximately 55.7 percent, or 8,059, of these child laborers are under 15 years old, which is the minimum age for employment in Vietnam. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. According to the most recently available data from universities, NGOs, government raids, and international organizations, hundreds of children in the Lake Volta region have been rescued from the fishing industry, in which they were forced to undertake such tasks as diving to untangle fishing nets from underwater tree stumps. The most recently available data from an NGO study indicates that hundreds of children are exploited in this manner. There are reports that adults, predominantly men, are forced to work in the fishing industry in Indonesia. Brick workers, including children, are forced to work without masks, goggles, gloves, shoes, or other safety equipment. According to a study from 2017, between 50 percent and 70 percent of khat workers in Wondo Genets Chuko town and Aweday, in Eastern Hararge, are children. The survey estimates that 301,827 children ages 5 to 17 perform hazardous work in rural areas of Paraguay and indicates that children working in agriculture experience accidents and illnesses, including from using dangerous tools and handling chemicals. Approximately 11,023 child laborers working in fishing are below the minimum age for employment in Paraguay. Children of the Yi ethnic minority in Liangshan prefecture of Sichuan are particularly vulnerable. Previous TVPRA List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor. There are reports that children as young as 8 are engaged in the production of gold in Zimbabwe. The list of sanctioned companies includes current and former suppliers to major international brands such as Apple, . The trafficked children are often sold to recruiters, and the parents and children are deceived with false promises about the wages and opportunities for education while working. There are reports that children as young as 9 produce footwear in Turkey. These children are paid little, if at all. This doesnt happen in real life, right? Earlier this year, an Adidas spokesperson told The Guardian the company "sources cotton exclusively from other countries and takes a variety of measures to ensure fair and safe working conditions in its supply chain.". Media reports indicate that most brick kiln workers are Afghan migrants whose children work alongside them in the summer months. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. Previous TVPRA List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor. According to the Government of Vietnams National Child Labor Survey 2012, the results of which were published in 2014, an estimated 24,377 child laborers work in the production of furniture, including beds, wardrobes, chairs, and tables. The 2020 Australian Strategic Policy Institute report also identified Tommy Hilfiger among the companies that could have directly or indirectly benefited from forced labor in China. Thank you for supporting the fight to end human trafficking! What makes this industry so viable is the growth it feeds to the economy. Your donation or participation in Dressember 2018 is part of a movement to end human trafficking for good. Other victims are recruited through deception regarding the location of work and the anticipated wages. The survey indicates that more boys than girls are engaged in child labor producing yerba mate. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. Dalit and scheduled caste children, a socially disadvantaged class in India, are particularly vulnerable to forced labor in this industry. Of the estimated 5,933 child laborers who grow tea, 13.2 percent are 5-11 years old, 9.7 percent are 12-14 years old, and 77.1 percent are 15-17 years old. Workers experience non-payment and under payment of wages and withholding of benefits, as well as threats of the same. Local officials and the military enforce these work orders; the children cannot refuse to work, even if sick. The DRC produces the majority of the worlds cobalt. There are reports that children as young as 7 engage in illegal amber extraction in Ukraine. The survey estimates that 301,827 children ages 5 to 17 perform hazardous work in rural areas of Paraguay and indicates that children working in agriculture experience accidents and illnesses, including from using dangerous tools and handling chemicals. As recently as January 2020, a Qingdao factory that makes Nike shoes employed roughly 600 ethnic-minority workers from Xinjiang, a report from the Australian Strategic Policy Institute found. The amber extraction process creates large pits and exposes children to risk of injuries when extraction pits collapse. Workers can be placed at factories within the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, where the camps are located, or be transferred out of Xinjiang to factories in eastern China. Based on an analysis of the Pakistan Labour Force Survey 2017 2018, an estimated 45,699 children are involved in child labor in the production of textiles. Tommy Hilfiger did not respond to a request for comment for this story. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 grow sugarcane in Vietnam. The ILO has found that children who work in sectors requiring intensive manual labor frequently miss days of school and sometimes encounter health hazards related to exposure to the elements, physical injuries, and utilization of dangerous tools. The most common agricultural goods listed are sugarcane, cotton, coffee, tobacco, cattle, rice, and fish. The site is secure. According to the ILO and NGOs, forced child labor is pervasive, particularly in Karen, Shan, and Arakan States near military camps, with children constituting up to 40 percent of forced laborers being used for a variety of activities, including the production of bamboo. The analysis noted that 78 percent of children and adolescents in child labor in Costa Rica work with their families. According to media reports and NGOs, cases of forced labor within the coffee sector are a recurring problem. If workers try to leave, they may be threatened with deportation, violence, or harm to their families. Allegations may be reported anonymously. Taiwans fleet is the second largest in the world, with more than 1,100 fishing vessels, comprising approximately 36 percent of the worlds tuna longliner fleet, and operating on the high seas and in the exclusive economic zones of more than 30 countries. According to the survey, almost 13 percent of Paraguayan children engaged in child labor in agriculture do not attend school. What is Forced Labor? | Homeland Security - DHS The survey indicates that the majority of children and adolescents working in garment manufacturing are in Puebla and Guanajuato states. Top 5 Industries using Forced Labor - Dressember Child miners are paid little if at all. Based on the analysis of Ecuadors 2019 National Survey of Employment, Unemployment, and Underemployment, an estimated 9,434 children under the minimum age for work are involved in child labor in poultry raising. In July 2020, following a report by the Australian Strategic Policy Institute on Uyghur forced labor, the US announced sanctions against 11 Chinese companies including Changji Esquel Textile, one of the five Esquel subsidiaries based in Xinjiang. and its Subsidiaries. Many of the children live in the factories; employers prevent the children from leaving through force and/or by withholding their wages. ""We require compliance, from all of our suppliers, to the 'JDI Supply Chain CSR Deployment Guidebook', and require them to audit and report their CSR compliance via the JDISuppliers CSR Self-Audit Checklist. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 in Vietnam produce textiles. Check the Withhold Release Orders and Findings List for information on any merchandise that may be subject to exclusion and/or seizure. Chinese Solar Companies Tied to Use of Forced Labor The ILO has found that generally children who work in agriculture may be at risk of exposure to hazards including, working long hours, carrying heavy loads, using dangerous tools, and exposure to the elements, physical injuries, and chemicals, such as pesticides. .usa-footer .container {max-width:1440px!important;} This industry has its peaks of high demand for workers during holiday seasons. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 are engaged in fishing and fish processing in Vietnam. These boys receive no pay for their work; the farmers pay the teachers and the recruiters for the boys' labor. The survey estimates that 92,208 child laborers grow the tup variety of corn and 89,293 child laborers grow the chip (canary) variety of corn throughout rural areas in Paraguay. The ILO has found that generally children who work in agriculture may be at risk of exposure to hazards including, working long hours, carrying heavy loads, using dangerous tools, and exposure to the elements, physical injuries, and chemicals, such as pesticides. The countries on the List span every region of the world. There are reports that children ages 13-15 are forced to produce electronics in China. There is evidence that children under the age of 14 raise bovines in Pakistan. div#block-eoguidanceviewheader .dol-alerts p {padding: 0;margin: 0;} In a time when society sexualizes and gives glamour to sex more than ever, it isnt uncommon to see the rise of individuals being trafficked to perform in bars and strip clubs. According to international organizations, NGOs, and media sources, there is credible evidence that the use of child labor is common in footwear production, including in major production areas such as Gaziantep and Istanbul. The story has been updated to include the comment. In a study from Kenyatta University, sand harvesting was the most frequently reported reason for primary school students to drop out in Kathiani Division in Machakos. At low costs, employers are able to demand cheap labor to work, which gives coercion an open door. According to the survey, almost 13 percent of Paraguayan children engaged in child labor in agriculture do not attend school. Organized trafficking rings link the farmers with the teachers and the children. How forced labor laws have taken a prominent role in U.S - Reuters The company's main customer is Nike more than seven million pairs are produced at the factory annually. On the other hand, they are showing their image of the Eco-friendly brand but still, child labor is being used in bulk. "We oppose all forms of human trafficking, slavery, servitude, forced or compulsory labor, and all other trafficking-related activities and uphold this commitment by taking action through ourResponsible Supply Chain program. There is evidence that children ages 5 to 17 grow manioc/cassava in Paraguay. Some are beaten by their employers if they do not behave as expected or work slower than required. @media only screen and (min-width: 0px){.agency-nav-container.nav-is-open {overflow-y: unset!important;}} There are reports that children are involved in cattle-raising activities in Kenya. .manual-search-block #edit-actions--2 {order:2;} Victims and a local NGO report that factories frequently withhold all wages, sometimes confiscate workers passports and cellphones, and sometimes use physical violence, especially when workers try to leave. According to a 2014 ILO sectoral survey on child labor in informal tin mining, published in 2015, an estimated 6,300 children are engaged in child labor in tin mining. In addition, the analysis indicates that 5.2 percent of working adolescents ages 15 to 17, or 1,625 adolescents, were also engaged in coffee production. #views-exposed-form-manual-cloud-search-manual-cloud-search-results .form-actions{display:block;flex:1;} #tfa-entry-form .form-actions {justify-content:flex-start;} #node-agency-pages-layout-builder-form .form-actions {display:block;} #tfa-entry-form input {height:55px;} Out of the estimated 1,426 child laborers who produce leather, about 580 are 12-14 years old and 846 are 15-17 years old. Sources estimated that thousands of children are working at gold mining sites and doing various work activities, including panning and sieving gold around riverbeds, digging and drilling in pit areas, and collecting and carrying gold ore. Children engaged in gold production in Zimbabwe work in hot climate conditions, lack proper protective equipment, and face exposure to dangerous chemicals, such as mercury. Based on the most recently available NGO evidence, thousands of children are working in conditions of forced labor in the mines in Eastern Congo, particularly in North and South Kivu. Despite signing an industry agreement in 2001 to eradicate child labour from their Ghana and Ivory Coast-based cocoa farms, Nestl - one of the largest and most recognisable consumer brands in the world - continues to receive criticism for the ongoing employment abuses in their supply chain. Reports and field research indicate that children are seen as extremely valuable to the harvest due to their physical stature and natural agility, qualities that allow them to climb the aa berry trees tall and thin trunks more easily without the trees breaking. Although more recent national surveys have shown a 65 percent decrease in the number of children ages 12 to 17 working in agriculture from 13,866 in 2011 to 4,853 in 2015, these surveys do not provide the number of children in child labor in the coffee sector. In 2016, the Government of Paraguay published representative results from the Survey of Activities of Rural Area Children and Adolescents 2015. There are reports that children ages 7 to 17 harvest potatoes in Lebanon. The 2020 Australian Strategic Policy Institute report identified L.L.Bean among the companies that could have directly or indirectly benefited from forced labor in China. The survey considers a child to be engaged in child labor if the child is working an excessive number of hours per week for his or her age, or if the child is engaged in work that is prohibited for underage employees according to national legislation. Our company has zero tolerance for forced labor of any kind, and if we find that any facility, anywhere in the world, is not acting in accordance with our Operating Standards, we take appropriate remedial and disciplinary action. "Out of an abundance of caution, we ended our relationship with that supplier earlier this year.". Long hours in the sun with minimal protection can result in persistent health concerns including eye infections, skin irritation and diseases, and respiratory illnesses. Similarly, a survey of local residents and interviews with community stakeholders in Magarini determined that sand harvesting was a leading form of child labor for boys. According to the survey, almost 13 percent of Paraguayan children engaged in child labor in agriculture do not attend school. There are reports that children are forced to process shrimp in Thailand. A study published in 2019 estimated that 10,800 children are involved in mining and sorting mica. Reports from an NGO and the U.S. Government indicate that children in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region and in Gansu province are mobilized through schools and required by provincial regulations to work during the autumn harvest. Many of these victims report being recruited by middlemen, called enganchadores, that lie to workers about the nature and conditions of the work, wages, hours, and quality of living conditions. In 2021, Reuters reported that a Microsoft supplier arranged for the transfer of at least 400 Uyghur workers to its plant, in what human-rights groups have called a forced-labor arrangement. It is estimated that there are tens of thousands of workers who are sometimes recruited by agencies that deceive workers with false information regarding their wages and the terms of the contracts, and require the workers to pay recruitment fees and sign debt contracts. The survey indicates that more boys than girls are engaged in child labor in sheep raising. Monitoring teams discover multiple cases of compulsory mobilization across several districts of the country each year. Bombardier considers the respect of human rights to be a fundamental corporate responsibility and a crucial value we carry in all of our activities.". Migrant children from Laos and Burma are particularly vulnerable. Acer, Alstom, Asus, BAIC Motor, Badger Sportswear, Bestway, Bombardier, Bosch, BYD, Candy Group, Carter's, Cerruti 1881, Changan Automobile, Cisco, COFCO Tunhe, CRRC, Dell, Electrolux, Esprit, Esquel Group, Fila, Founder Group, GAC Group, Geely Auto, Goertek, Haier, Hart Schaffner Marx, Hetian Taida, Hisense, Hitachi, HP, HTC, Huafu Fashion Co., Huawei, iFlytek, Jack & Jones, Jaguar, Japan Display Inc., Lacoste, Land Rover, Lenovo, LG, Li-Ning, Litai Textiles, Mayor, Meizu, MG, Mitsubishi, Mitsumi, Nokia, Oculus, Oppo, Panasonic, Puma, SAIC Motor, Samsung, SGMW, Sharp, Siemens, Skechers, Sony, TDK, Toshiba, Tsinghua Tongfang, Urumqi Shengshi Huaer Culture Technology Co., Vivo, Xiaomi, Yili Zhuo Wan Garment Manufacturing Co., Zegna, Zhihui Haipai Internet of Things Technology Co., and ZTE. This code is the basis for supplier selection and qualification. In 2016, the Government of Paraguay published representative results from the Survey of Activities of Rural Area Children and Adolescents 2015. The more detailed and timely the information you provide, the more likely the enforcement action can be successful. There are reports that adults are forced to produce polysilicon for solar panels in China. Children perform hazardous forms of work, including mixing, handling, and spraying pesticides. Many children miss school to work in the fields during harvest time, often work long hours in hazardous environments, and use sharp tools to extract the opium from the poppy plant. There are reports that children as young as age 8 mine gold in Nigeria. The same report identified Nike among the companies that had been "potentially directly or indirectly benefiting from the use of Uyghur workers outside Xinjiang through abusive labour transfer programs as recently as 2019. The ILO, media, trade unions, government raids, and NGOs report forced child labor in garment factories in Bangkok and along the Burma border in Mae Sai and Mae Sot. The release of this survey demonstrates the Government of Paraguays commitment to addressing child labor and its acknowledgement that data collection is vital to the design and implementation of sound policies and programs. Children either inherit or are born into debt bondage and are threatened with arrest or are forced to pay additional debt if they try to leave the brick kiln without repaying their debts in full. Adolescent boys dig mines and risk injury from falling rocks as they use sharp tools to extract mica from underground with no protective gear. Gap issued the following statement in 2020: "At Gap Inc., we have strict policies against the use of involuntary labor of any kind in our supply chain. Families working on tobacco estates sometimes become bonded to their landlords, and their children are forced to work to repay their family debts. Approximately 40,675 of these children in hazardous child labor are engaged in the production of cereal grains. Migrant and marginalized workers are lured to the quarries with the promise of well-paying jobs, only to work in dangerous conditions for pay at a daily or per piece rate that is too low to manage basic expenses. Some children, as young as age five, are recruited for work through an advance payment to their parents, creating a situation of debt bondage which the child must work to repay. Some of the children sleep at the worksites, held in captivity and isolation, and are not provided with sufficient food. Tariff Act to Combat Forced Labor in Supply Chains, may be used to help the trade community strengthen petitions to CBP, and is one of several suggested toolsto combat forced labor. The survey estimates that 33,165 child laborers grow peanuts throughout rural areas in Paraguay. Hard work and long hours arent rewarded with reciprocal pay. These children are paid little, if at all. Many solar companies operating around the world have suppliers based in China and many are owned by Chinese companies. Approximately 4,912 of child laborers growing sweet potatoes are below the minimum age for employment in Paraguay. There are reports that children as young as age 12 produce gold in Kenya. Some of these children are bonded to their employer, forced to work to pay off the debt of advanced payments made to their parents. Farmers negotiate directly with the schools to mobilize the students to work, and the schools may keep some or all of the children's wages. The forced child laborers are not paid for their work, and face physical violence or other punishment if they refuse to work. If you're buying a car, electronics, clothing, or beverages from one of dozens of major household names, you could be buying products made in part by forced labor in the Xinjiang region of China. Polysilicon was added to ILABs List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor in 2021 for forced labor. No matter where a person is in the world, everyone needs to eat, and there needs to be someone willing to harvest the food. Some children, usually with their families, live at the worksite where they are watched by guards and forbidden from leaving. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. Sources indicate that forced labor in coffee is widespread in this state. to press the Chinese government to ratify the 1930 Forced Labor Convention, the . Western Fashion Brands Sued for Using Forced Labor in China CBP encourages stakeholders in the trade community to closely examine their supply chains to ensure goods imported into the United States are not mined, produced or manufactured, wholly or in part, with prohibited forms of labor, i.e., slave, convict, indentured, forced or indentured child labor. Local officials and the military enforce the work orders. Some children are punished and threatened with verbal and physical abuse, financial penalty, and some are routinely deprived of food, water, and sleep. #block-googletagmanagerheader .field { padding-bottom:0 !important; } One source estimates that there are as many as 10,000 children working in the sector. Children in scheduled castes, a socially disadvantaged class in India, and of migrant families, are particularly vulnerable to forced labor. The survey considers a working child to be engaged in child labor if the child is below the minimum age for employment of 14 or the child is performing work that is hazardous according to national legislation. Western Fashion Brands Sued for Using Forced Labor in China. There are reports of some workers being threatened with physical violence or physically abused for leaving their jobs. Children engaged in aa berry harvesting not only are required to scale very tall trees, but they also lack proper protective equipment, transport large knives with serrated blades in the back of their shorts, and are exposed to hot climate conditions and environments that include venomous insects and other dangerous animals. According to NGOs, villagers, including children, are forced to work planting and harvesting rice for the military camps. There is evidence that children under 14 work in the production of textiles in Pakistan. Perpetrators typically misrepresent the business, giving workers false information regarding working conditions, benefits, and wages. According to a university study and the ILO, some children are trafficked in groups of 25 to 50, and an estimated 2,000 children have been forced to work in rice fields in Mali. These children are forced to work producing rice through a system of bonded labor, often working with their families. According to media reports and interviews, childrens inhalation of mica dust has contributed to respiratory health issues. An official website of the United States government. In mined or quarried goods, gold, coal and diamonds are most common. Childrens tasks reportedly include breaking apart rocks to mine the minerals, carrying loads of rocks, and sorting and separating mica from other mined minerals. Based on an analysis of the survey, it is estimated that 81,375 child laborers produce dairy products. In 2016, the Government of Paraguay published representative results from the Survey of Activities of Rural Area Children and Adolescents 2015, a representative survey of childrens work in rural areas.